Marxism

Marxism
   The philosophy of Marxism (often called, following Engels, 'dialectical materialism') was, according to Engels, 'the science of the general laws of motion and development of nature, human society and thought', and, in particular, the law of the transformation of quantity into quality, the law of the unity and interpenetration of opposites, and the law of the negation of the negation. Marx's own attitude to philosophy, however, is perhaps best summed up in his famous dictum 'the philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways; the point is to change it'. The main influence of Marxism on Christian philosophy has been the naturalistic account of religion that Marx put forward. Marx said that 'the critique of religion is the foundation of all critique' and famously described religion as 'the opium of the masses'; that is, he thought that religion was a tool used by the ruling classes to keep the others submissive. Critics have claimed, however, that this position is simply assumed, rather than argued for, by Marx and his followers, and, even if it were true, that fact would not imply that the religion itself were false. Nevertheless, some Christian philosophers have taken the social and economic critique of capitalism seriously and endeavoured to construct a Christian version of it. Liberation theology is one such result.
   See materialism
   Further reading: Carver 1991; Kolakowski 1981; Mac-Intyre 1953 and 1995

Christian Philosophy . . 2015.

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